Erratum to "Antibacterial Activity of Chalcone and Dihydrochalcone Compounds from Uvaria chamae Roots against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2018/1453173.].

Antibacterial Activity of Chalcone and Dihydrochalcone Compounds from Uvaria chamae Roots against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

This study presents antimicrobial properties of Uvaria chamae roots, commonly used for the treatment of various infections in south Benin. Their constituents were extracted and then fractionated in order to isolate the active ingredients. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed against several multidrug-resistant bacteria using the Mueller Hilton well agar diffusion method. Results showed that ethanol extracts were highly active against Gram-positive cocci. This activity was more extensive than that measured from conventional broad-spectrum antibiotics. Indeed, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains were all sensitive to this root extract. The aim of this study was to link the antimicrobial activity of the root to chemical structures. The ion mobility mass spectrometry analysis revealed for the first time the presence of ten chalcone and dihydrochalcone structures responsible for the antimicrobial activity of Uvaria chamae ethanol extracts. Two structures were described here for the first time in these roots. These findings confirm and justify the medical properties of these roots used as a traditional medicine.

Traditional treatment of human and animal salmonelloses in Southern Benin: Knowledge of farmers and traditherapists.

AIM: This study aimed to report medicinal plants that are likely to be used in the control of salmonellosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Southern Benin. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 150 farmers and 100 traditional therapists in seven high municipalities. This step helped to collect plants that are used in the treatment of animal salmonellosis and typhoid fever in human. RESULTS: The results revealed a low level of use of medicinal plants among breeders who prefer antibiotics such as oxytetracycline (53.55%), tylosine + sulfadimerazine (15.30%), and alphaceryl (19.13%). However, plants such as Moringa oleifera (leaves), Carica papaya (leaves and seeds), and Vernonia amygdalina (leaves) were mostly used by some farmers. From traditional therapists, 57 plant species of 32 families were identified as typhoid fever cures; among which Leguminosae, Asteraceae, and Euphorbiaceae were predominant. Persea americana (22.72%), V. amygdalina (7.57%), and Corchorus olitorius (7.57%) were the most cited by traditherapists for the treatment of typhoid fever in human. CONCLUSION: This study provides a database for further studies on the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of Benin plant species on Salmonellaspp. These evaluations will guarantee the availability of new therapeutic solutions for populations.

Prevalence des dermatoses rencontrées dans une école primaire privée à Cotonou

Les maladies de peau sont tres frequentes chez les enfants en milieu scolaire. L'objectif de cette enquete est d'apprecier la prevalence des dermatoses en milieu scolaire urbain beninois. Patients et methode : Une etude transversale a ete menee au mois de janvier 2007 a l'Ecole Primaire les `Neems' a Cotonou. L'enquete a concerne tous les ecoliers du Cours d'Initiation au Cours elementaire premiere annee (CE1). Elle a eu lieu au cours de la visite medicale traditionnelle realisee par deux pediatres accredites associes a un dermatologue pour la circonstance .Tous les diagnostics etaient retenus sur la base d'elements cliniques. Les donnees recueillies sont analysees avec EPIINFO version 2002 Le test exact de Fisher a ete utilise pour la comparaison des pourcentages. Resultats Deux cent soixante quatre (264) ecoliers; d'age moyen 7 ans ont ete examines. Le sex-ratio H/F etait de 0;84. Huit dermatoses differentes representant un total de 40 cas ont ete notees a l'examen. soit une prevalence de 15;1. Le prurigo atopique; la xerose et la dermatite atopique representaient plus de 50des cas (n=24); soit une prevalence de 9pour les affections atopiques. Les pathologies infectieuses (n=11) etaient representees par le pityriasis versicolor ; les folliculites superficielles; la teigne et la verrue vulgaire . Leur prevalence etait estimee a 4;1.Il n'y a pas de difference entre les sexes sauf pour le pityriasis versicolor qui a montre une predominance masculine nette (p=0;02). Discussion Cette etude descriptive transversale n'a concerne qu'un nombre limite d'ecoliers; deux cent soixantequatre comparativement a d'autres series [1;2]. Les pathologies allergiques predominaient sur l'ensemble des dermatoses constatees chez les enfants; representant 50des cas des dermatoses repertoriees. Conclusion : Cette etude a revele l'importance des manifestations liees au terrain atopique chez des jeunes ecoliers en milieu urbain beninois